Why oral health should be a priority Oral health is not just about having a bright smile or fresh breath. It is intricately linked to your overall health.

Studies have shown that oral diseases share common risk factors tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, high sugar intake, and poor diets with major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.

In South Africa, where NCDs are already a significant public health concern, ignoring oral health could exacerbate the burden on the healthcare system.

According to Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa, "While the most prevalent of noncommunicable diseases, oral health diseases are preventable and treatable.

"It’s crucial for countries to do more to increase access to affordable prevention and care services and ensure that people are equipped with the knowledge and skill on promoting oral health."

Here are some of the surprising health risks linked to poor oral hygiene:

1. Increased risk of heart disease

Gum disease (periodontitis) has been linked to an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and high blood pressure. Bacteria from inflamed gums can enter the bloodstream, causing inflammation in the arteries.

2. Worsening diabetes symptoms

Poor oral hygiene can make diabetes harder to control. Infections in the gums can increase blood sugar levels, making diabetes management more challenging.

3. Respiratory infections

Bacteria from the mouth can be inhaled into the lungs, increasing the risk of pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory issues.

4. Digestive problems

Poor oral health can affect digestion, as chewing problems and oral infections impact how food is broken down and absorbed in the gut, leading to stomach issues and malnutrition.

5. Weakened immune system

Persistent oral infections can put stress on the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off illnesses. For South Africans, this means taking proactive steps, both individually and collectively:

Adopt healthy habits: Brushing twice a day, flossing, and reducing sugar intake can significantly lower the risk of dental issues.

Regular check-ups: Visiting the dentist at least once a year, even if there are no visible issues, can help catch problems early.

Community awareness: Schools and community organisations can play a crucial role in educating children and adults about the importance of oral health.

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World Oral Health Day: Africa's growing gum disease dilemma – time to take action