Prostate cancer in South Africa

In South Africa, prostate cancer accounts for a substantial percentage of male cancer deaths, particularly affecting black men who are at a higher risk.

They are often diagnosed at a younger age and are more likely to experience aggressive forms of the disease.

This demographic reality underscores the importance of targeted awareness campaigns and screening initiatives.

Organisations such as the Prostate Cancer Foundation of South Africa are actively working to combat the stigma and ignorance surrounding prostate health by offering education and resources to men across the nation.

Recognising the risks

As pointed out by Murray Hewlett, the CEO of Affinity Health, "Prostate health is not something men should wait to think about when there’s a problem."

Several risk factors, including advancing age (particularly over 50), family history of the disease, and African ancestry, significantly elevate one's chances of developing prostate cancer.

Important signs and screening

Many men may neglect health check-ups due to the assumption that symptoms are absent, which can be a grave misjudgment.

Prostate issues may not exhibit noticeable symptoms in their early stages, but when they do appear, they can include:

Frequent urination, particularly at night.
Difficulty initiating or stopping urination.
Weak or interrupted urine flow.
Pain or burning sensation during urination or ejaculation.
Presence of blood in urine or semen.
Chronic pain in the lower back, hips, or pelvis.

While these symptoms may indicate non-cancerous conditions, they should never be dismissed.

Screening is vital, especially for those at heightened risk.

It is recommended that men begin regular screenings at age 40, which typically include a Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test and a Digital Rectal Exam (DRE).

Tackling the myths

Myths surrounding prostate health can perpetuate silence and inaction. Some common misconceptions include:

Myth: Only older men need to worry about prostate health. Fact: Changes can begin in men’s 40s, especially with a family history.
Myth: Screening is painful or embarrassing. Fact: PSA tests are simple blood tests, and DREs are quick and routine.
Myth: No symptoms mean no problem. Fact: Prostate cancer often develops without noticeable symptoms in the early stages.

prostate cancer

Prostate cancer awareness: lessons from Joe Biden's diagnosis every man should know