Infected seals have been reported to attack not only each other but also humans and domestic animals. While confirmation of attacks on other marine mammals in the wild remains uncertain, experts do not dismiss the possibility. Savannah Anderson, ASI Campaigner and Researcher, warned, “While the outbreak is devastating for local seal populations, the fear is that the virus could jump species, possibly infecting orcas, dolphins, and even whales.” With creatures such as orcas capable of traversing vast distances, the outbreak could threaten marine mammals as far afield as Australia and the Americas.

Efforts are underway among South Africa’s scientific and animal welfare communities to address this urgent situation. Given that the only definitive method to confirm rabies involves sampling brain tissue, veterinarians are learning to identify affected seals through observable clinical signs. SeaSearch, a marine-focused NGO, is at the forefront of monitoring seal colonies, conducting autopsies, and tracking potential in-utero transmission among seal pups. Dr Tess Gridley, Principal Scientist of SeaSearch, articulated the pressing nature of the situation: “We need to stop it at the colonies before it comes more to the coast.”

Additionally, Cape Town’s Two Oceans Aquarium has initiated a novel vaccination trial for seals in high-risk areas where human-seal interactions are common. Vaccination efforts are expanded to itinerant seal species like elephant and leopard seals to prevent further spread among different colonised areas.

The public is urged to remain vigilant. As experts advise, seals should be treated with caution, especially in popular recreational areas such as beaches and swimming spots. Infected seals may exhibit unprovoked aggression, and anyone who interacts with them should ensure they are vaccinated against rabies with their pets’ vaccinations also up to date.

In the unfortunate event of a bite from a suspected rabid seal, immediate action is crucial: thoroughly cleanse the wound with soap and water and seek emergency treatment at the nearest hospital. Furthermore, individuals should promptly notify local animal welfare authorities to prevent possible attacks on people or other animals.

The management of this outbreak lies in the hands of qualified professionals; individuals are discouraged from attempting to harm or cull seals. Reporting suspected rabid seals to relevant authorities is vital for ensuring the safety of both humans and marine life alike.

publichealth

Unprecedented rabies outbreak in Cape fur seals raises marine pandemic fears